Process for permanently waving hair.



G. KREMER.

PROCESS FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR.

APPucArloN man ocr. 15. |914.

` 1,154,102. v Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

i A SFI GEORGE KREMER, OF NEW YORK, N.` Y., .ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ERNEST UNGER, OF'J'EW YORK, N. Y.

PROCESS FOR PERMNENTLY WAITING-.HAIR

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. ML, i915.

To all whom t may concern:

' Be it known that I, GEORGE Kamine, a subject of Austria, residingI in the city, county, and State of New York, -have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process for Permanently Waving Hair, of which the following is a specifcation.

My invention relates to an improvement in the process of permanently waving the natural hair on a persons head.

It has been known to coil an entire strand of hair about4 a metal rod, to wrap this strand helically with a wet annel so asto completely cover the hair, to insert this wrapped hair into a closed tube containing a lotion, and finally to subject the entire length of the same to the action 'o-f the heat from an electric heating iron. While this process gives some degree of satisfaction under certain conditions as when used for the first time on coarse thick hair, it possesses numerous disadvantages under other conditions. For instance, when used on fine hair, it frizzles and discolors the ends, and. when attempts were made to increase the thickness of these ends, by gathering more hair into the wrapped strands to give'the necessarybody, the coils were-found to be too thick at the base to permit the even and close waving effect desired. Ano-ther disadvantage is that after the hair has been once waved, and the process repeated towave the newly grown straight ortion of the hair, an appreciable amount o the previoils waved hairwould break off, and as a result, this process has fallen into disfavor.

The primary object of myinvention is to wave permanently the newly grown straight hair without injuriously affecting the 'previously waved hair, and another object isto give an effective waved appearance to a head` of fine fluffy hair without injuring thesame. This process consists in separating the hair into strands, the greater the number of strands under usual conditions the better,

and wrapping the base portion of each strand adjacent the persons head with a lslightly twisted motion'into a tightly wound spiral on a curling rod of relatively small diameter. Each coil is 'wrapped closely in contact with the preceding coil so that the coils lose their circular cross sectional form and are somewhat flattened on adjacent sides. The outer end portion of each strand,

in the case of fine hair, or the previously waved portion, in the case of hair which has been treated by a similar process, is allowed to fall free and loose, or it may be wound or braided about the outer end of the curler, so as to gather the same out of the way of the operator. The coiled portion is then treated with a supersaturated saline solution, preferably in the form of a paste, a mixture composed of three parts sodium hyposulfite, forty-eight parts sodium tetraborate, and seventeen parts of water, has been fo-und to be quite effective. The saturated coiled portion is inclosed in a suitable wrapping and subjected to a steaming action by encircling the coiled portion with some suitable heating means. Care must be taken so that the heat is confined to the base or unwaved portion of the strand as heat applied to the fine ends or to a previously waved portion will kill the hair and cause it to break. Care must also be taken that the heat is not suddenly applied, it having been found best to cause the heat to gradually rise from room temperature to about 800o F., for about twenty minutes, to shut off the heat for about four minutes, to give it a final heating for about four minutes, and then to allow it to cool while confined for about fifteen minutes. The entire mass of hair is then washed clean of the saline solution, is dried by any suitable means and is then combed from the head outward across the juncture of the old and newly waved hair. This final combing has the effect of bringing the old and new waves into continuity and presenting a uniform series of waves from the head outward to- Y ward the end. In the case of fine hair, it is best to leave' the ends unwaved, but this will not be noticed after the hair is dreed, as these end portions are usually drawn into .a knot at the back of the head.-

By means of the process as thus outlined, I am enabled to wave any character of hair, and to wave the new growth without the .disadvantages inherent in the previously wrapping C, which either entirely incloses the strand of hair or from which the end of the strand is allowed to fall loose as shown at D. The wrapped strandis en circled adjacent its base by means of an electric heatingdevice of any preferred form. such as is shown in U. S. patent to Groser and Unger, No. 1,103,506, July 14, ,1914.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In the art of permanent hair waving, the process for waving the newly grown hair on a head of hair which has been previously waved without damaging the previously treated old hair, which process consists in separating the hair into strands, arranging the newly grown straight hair of each strand 4adjacent the persons head into a tightly wound spiral while permitting the previou'sly waved hair to remain in a position so as not to be affected by any heating action, confining said spiral portion, saturating the same with a saline solution, subjecting said confined saturated portion to the action of heat gradually ranging from room temperature to a lmaximum temperature to give the hair a steaming treatment, said heat being directed thereto so as not to affect the previously waved portion, permitting said heated portion to remain confined in its spiral form for a short 'period of time after the application of heat thereto has been discontinued, washing the hair to remove any saline solution present, and finally combing both the previously waved and the newly waved portions across the juncture of these portions.

2. In the art of permanent hair waving', the process for waving the newly grown hair on a head of hair which has been previously waved without damaging the previously treated old hair, which process consists in separating hair into strands, arranging the newly grown hair of each strand adjacent the persons head into a tightly wound spiral while permitting the previously waved hair to remain in a position so that it will not be aected by any heating action, confining said spiral portion, wetting the confined portion, subjecting said wetted portion to the action of heat gradually ranging from room temperature to a maximum temperature to give the hair a steaming treatment, said heat.

being directed thereto so as not to affect the previously waved portion, permitting said heated portion to remain confined in its spiral form for a short period of time after the application of heat thereto has been discontinued, nally combing both the previously'waved and the newly waved portion across the juncture of these portions. l

3. The method of permanently waving the newly grown hair on a head of hair Vwhich has been previously waved without damaging the previously waved hair, which consists in separating the .hair into strands, coiling-the newly grown hair of one of the strands into a spiral and confining the coiled part while permitting the previously waved portion of said strand to fall free or to be gathered into a position so that it will not be affected by the succeeding heat step, and subjecting this coiled portion to an intense heat for a limited period of time while insulating the previously waved portion from the heating action.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this third day of October A. D. 1914.

GEORGE KREMER.

Witnesses:

JAMES BAILEY, CHARLES FREY. 

